Research investigating the effect of MDMA use on memory indicates that

MDMA users were impaired on the VPA task only.
MDMA users were impaired on both the VPA and the stem-cued recall tasks.
MDMA users did not show impairment on either the VPA or stem-cured recall tasks.
MDMA users were impaired on the stem cured recall task only.

_______________ instrumental responses are elicited automatically without an idea of the reward associated with the response.

Neither habitual nor goal-directed
Habitual and goal-directed
Habitual
Goal-directed

Research evidence does not indicate that clinical addicts are more impulsive compared to sub-clinical addicts.

True
False

Research using odds ratios suggest that heavy cannabis use leads to an increased risk of a psychiatric diagnosis. Results indicate that the likelihood of diagnosis of ________ is more likely than a diagnosis of __________.

depression; psychosis
psychosis; anxiety
anxiety; depression
psychosis; depression